Horsehead Nebula

This is what the Horsehead Nebula looked like, 1,500 years ago (from last weekend).

I wonder what it looks like now?

Imagine there were habitable planets around any of these stars with intelligent species with the capability to look into the stars.   If they looked at the third planet from our star and saw our ancestors from 1,500 years ago, what would they think of us?

The Mayans were doing well for themselves but brutal sacrifice and inequality were a cultural norm.

The people of Constantinople would be rioting about now, the result of a blockade by a Byzantine General, Vitalian.

Christendom is at war with Islam and in some smaller clashes, at war with itself.   The formerly Roman provinces of Britain begins to be divided among Anglo-Saxon Warlords in the beginnings of their Feudal Periods.

If the inhabitants of a planet, circling a star within the Horsehead Nebula could see us from their world, they would have seen Human Sacrifice, War, Famine and conquests driven by religious ideology. 

1,000 years before the Renaissance, humans were even bigger assholes than we are today..  It wasn’t our finest hour.  

Still by this Period, Ancient India had gotten pretty good at Astronomy and early philosophers had started to figure some things out based on observation.    1000 years before Giordano Bruno, folks were still regarding the points of light in our sky with supernatural wonder.

I'm still learning the ropes and dealing with technical problems with my secondhand QHY imager.     This was made through 4 5 minute exposures with a manual filter wheel, Baader Planetarium 2" Filters.  I calibrated them with 3 dozen calibration frames of equal exposure.

At some point during the process, the temperature wasn't holding very well on the imager, so I started getting anomalous heat-related inconsistencies that I tried to smooth in Lightroom.

Night / Fair

Baldwin County's Fair is in Town
 
This year they appear to have gone with a new Amusement Vendor. I was always quite partial to the layout of the old fair from a stuff-photography perspective. It was dark and made for fun long exposure shots of rides. The placement of the rides made it easy to get great shots..
 
That being said, this year's fair-company seems different in some ways that I believe fair-goers will appreciate. For one, the grounds are considerably brighter, which makes for a safer-feeling environment. I noticed handheld photography was quite possible as reasonable ISO settings.
 
One huge improvement - I didn't notice cables pulled everywhere along the grounds like I have with previous years.
 
I think I struggled a bit this year finding cool shots while we walked around but I think all things considered fair-goers seemed to enjoy the new digs.
 
I do miss the photography opportunities of the gigantic rope-swing-thing, though.
 
..And as you can see I did take a little time to Fly around the grounds to get some aerial video. I normally don't fly our camera drones in potentially crowded spots.
 
I have plenty of confidence in my ability to fly it reliably but I do not wish to in any way contribute to the hyperbole associated with camera / quad copters in the public eye.
 
If you notice, I chose a rather unpopulated time to do the aerial work.
 
Plus I never actually flew directly over the fair / so no chance of a crashing quad interfering with ride safety.

Go Outside, Look Up

I don't think we do this enough.   Just go outside and look up (especially at night).

On this our first night of autumnal equinox, our first night of fall, the humidity is lower and it's quite comfortable out.  When I was a kid, we grew up on ten acres amidst a forestry in Indiana.  

The phone-quality for my 300 baud modem wasn't so hot but our night skies were pretty epic.  So epic, in fact many of my parent's friends swore to have had a number of 'close encounters' with other-worldly beings in flying frisbees.    It freaked me out a little but I also kinda realized they were on drugs.  So, there's that, too.

When we moved in Alabama, it isn't that our skies are all that different but our small subdivision had plenty of light pollution from the surrounding neighborhoods and near by football stadium.    Not the place to stargaze. 

(But, the modem speeds were faster! - a whopping 14,400kps if I disabled error correction.   (ATN0 on my USR Dual Standard modem - not the full 28,800 but a good speed, nonetheless)

We built a small house on 2 acres with significantly improved skies.   Then, a neighborhood came to occupy the 40 acre farmland across the street.   Some good folks moved in (at first) but the stargazing did diminish.

At our current place, the lots are about an Acre with plenty of trees.  To the South is a retail area, Bass Pro Shops and some Malls.  To the North, not much but other neighborhoods, lots of hills and plenty of Civil War history. So, as I go out on the back deck and look up, tonight, I'm happy to see what is pictured here.  A pretty decent night sky!

I can get by with Planetary imaging here.   For deep sky stuff, the objects need to be high in the sky and towards the North or I will need to go camping.

Which brings me to my question.  What's your favorite stargazing site?   Is it somewhere that won't mind the presence of my tent and telescopes this winter?

Delta Sunshine

At one point, last year around this time, I had three drones. They were named Alvin, Simon and Theodore. ;)

Alvin(a heavily modified Phantom), went for a swim in the bay towards the left side of this shot, Simon (A FlameWheel 550 HexRotor) found a new owner on eBay.

That leaves Theodore, who so far has been quite the trusty little quadcopter :) 30 minute flight time, FPV Goggles makes filming an enjoyable experience.

I'm not really thrilled with flying any of these around people, so I'm excited that the summer-tourist season is over and take back to the air.

I found one other, sort of silly use for Theodore. I was flying down the gutter-lines of the house to see if they needed to be clean. The prop-wash effectively removed all of the loose debris in the gutters.

.. Gutter cleaning by drone. I can see the hyperbolic news cycle, now..

Beach Day

Had a nice time in Orange Beach & Gulf Shores today with the family.  It had been too long since we had last made our way to the epic beaches in Orange Beach.

(Since I don't work in Orange Beach anymore, I have less opportunity to spend time on the beaches with my cameras.)

Speaking of cameras.   This is that silly little iPhone 6 camera again.   I have to say, for a camera on a phone, it is quite an impressive combination of software and hardware.

The burst mode, is a parents dream.   The built-in in-camera app editing features have gotten much stronger since I was last in the IOS camp, as well.

Staring at the Sun

I imagine for the early people on our rock, the change of seasons and the movement of the sun, moon and stars across the sky really was quite scary.  

No one told them not to stare in the sun, at least not formally, they just somehow knew - maybe through experience, that it was a bad idea.   

No sunscreen but I suppose sufficient quantity of mud and leaves provided a high enough SPF level to prevent burns on some.    

Meanwhile, the sun seemingly flopped back and fourth through the sky day after day, unaware that the silly people on the 3rd planet had anthropomorphized it into some kind of vengeful deity that was hungry for sacrifice.

What's a giant plasma ball of hydrogen and helium gonna do?

Astrophotography that Mortals Can Understand

This image was captured between August 28th and September 1st and it cost me under $100 from start to finish.   Really. :)

I will freely admit that I'm no astronomer.   I have a college-level astronomy book on my desk that I've attempted to read four times.   Each time, I'm asleep in my chair in the first pages.   

But that's how I am.  I learn by doing, anyway.  

(I'm not sure if learning-by-doing is more or less expensive than the college approach, my experiments have been costly!)

The first time that I put my eye to a telescope, I remember it well.  There was nothing in the eyepiece.  I was youngish and the adult I was with, who set up the telescope was cussing, frustrated that we just couldn't seem to see anything with the thing.  He put it in the closet and started to frustratedly suck down a cigarette and complain.  We didn't tried again with that 'scope.

Then, as an adult, I broke down and bought a used telescope (an Orion 8inch Newtonian Reflector).    It was about the size of a cannon and it came with a small treasure trove of accessories, (and no instructions) and so I had no idea what I was doing.     But, I did get it pointed to some easy stuff.  

The moon.  Jupiter. Saturn.  Orion Nebula.

 I wasn't very smart about it.  Like, with the moon.   I just kept staring at it, unfiltered.   You know, that the moon-glow is a reflection of the Sun and the sun can blind you, right?   Little blue bars floated in and out of my vision for days.

The one that struck me the most, was Saturn. Those rings absolutely capture the imagination.   I thought two things:

"I really need to show this to people!" and "I want to go there!'

.. and that's how you get into Astrophotography.   To fulfill that 1st impulse of trying to find some way to capture what you see in the eyepiece in a way that can be easily shared.

The problem, as I see it, is that Astronomy is entirely too close to rocket science in terms of complexity.   Especially astro-photography.  

In "True Bill Fashion", I put my wallet before my brain and started ordering stuff.   The first bit was a solar system imager from Orion, a GoTo Conversion system for my Orion Mount and a bunch of adapters that never seemed to work correctly.  In fact, you could say none if it really worked right.    I had duct tape (literally) folded as wedges to align the camera to look into the eyepiece (that is called eyepiece-projection).

I did still get some pretty-cool images, though, albeit at a low resolution.

About a decade has gone by and I'm still no astronomer.   But I have figured some things out and technology and product offerings have evolved to make our astro-photography aspirations easier.   I'm still working on the "I really need to show this to people!" part, maybe I can get to the "I want to go there!" part in a couple years.. :)

I will not be getting super-ultra-technical here.   I'm just going to cover some fundamentals and what I've found works for capturing images of the awesome things in our night sky.

Want to make astro-images?  You basically have two options.  

Buy a bunch of stuff

or

Rent

___

Rentals

Part Robot, Part Telescope.

A couple years ago I was involved in this marketing project and was asked to produce an image of a Galaxy (any Galaxy), something with an unlimited use commercial license.   I think it went up as some wall-hanger in an airport with some cheesy slogan for a product,, "A Galaxy of Options." or some crap.  

I didn't have access to an appropriate deep-sky telescope and didn't have the $5k built into the budget to come up with everything I needed in a hurry.  I found this guy in Europe with an Observatory and Imaging gear, via an Astronomy forum.  For a small fee, he allowed me to VNC (remote control) into his Observatory PC and run the imager from remote.  The imager had a 3 megapixel array and I ended up shooting about 100 + frames, combining them all into a stacker to get the resolution I needed for print.   It worked well!  (Well, I guess it did.   I got paid.)

So, that's what Renting usually looks like.   Instead of the borrow-lenses approach of getting a lens in the mail, renting a telescope usually involves renting observatory time, either local or remotely controlled.   It is because the capabilities of the mount are as important as the optics of the scope and these mounts aren't easily shippable.

Within 300 miles of me there are about a half-dozen observatories, most built by universities.   Most, you can get some time with even if you aren't a student.  Only a few of those have research-grade deep sky equipment and imaging configurations.   A few are 'observe only' and none of them really let you bring a camera to pair up with b/c of the delicate balance configuration on the mounts.    

Still, a couple in Alabama are in somewhat light-polluted areas and the telescope of the observatory in Northern Alabama is of less quality than that which you can pick up on Craigslist for less than $1k.

So, for me the option is more between remotely controlling better equipment for imaging or using my own.  There are a couple services out there to provide this and even individual observatories can often accommodate this.

One cool service, used to be called Global-Rent-A-Scope.   Which, I guess is now called iTelescope.Net.  With iTelescope.Net you can browse available telescopes and connect to them in real-time through a simple-enough web interface.

You get a view of the available telescopes, their condition and location amongst the dark side of the earth.

You get a view of the available telescopes, their condition and location amongst the dark side of the earth.

It's really just as simple as clicking one, submitting an imaging job and picking your TiFF files up from an FTP site.   The service allows you to reserve a telescope, pre-define imaging runs and execute those imaging runs as 'jobs'.  You can monitor the status and the billing seems to be quite fair.

Each telescope has it's own host on the itelescope.net domain and an easy-enough http interface from which you can submit imaging jobs and monitor their status.

Each telescope has it's own host on the itelescope.net domain and an easy-enough http interface from which you can submit imaging jobs and monitor their status.

Telescopes are billed by varied rates per imaging hour.  You only pay for your imaging time, so the time it takes for the telescope to slew to a location and do imaging setup isn't included.   They manage profiles containing the capabilities of the individual telescopes so that you can pick the right tool for the job.   In fact, picking from the smorgasbord of awesome offerings is way harder than the actual imaging!

They sell subscriptions with a base number of imaging-points included and offer the ability to purchase another points.   

Why is it a subscription?   Well, if you think about it, you will be in and out of their servers quite a bit before-or-after your actual imaging run, so this small subscription rate covers the usage of their servers and the storage of your image data.   I've found the billing arrangement to be very fair and you can cancel at any time.  I even had a job go wrong (the telescope used the wrong filter) and a simple request form and they refunded the points used without question.

Example pricing at the time of this article, I shot 5 frames of Andromeda @ 10 minutes per frame. That came out to be about $60 to produce the one image.    Considering you are getting control of a $100k research-grade telescope and imager, it's a good deal.

There are other services, as well.   Slooh.Com, Bradford Robotic Telescope and others.   Check the one you choose for the image-use rights and resolution that meets your needs.  

iTelescope.net met my needs.

If you still think that's too much, consider what it would cost you to do it yourself, with lesser-gear..  You can, but even the cheaper routes,... aren't cheap..

 

Buy a Bunch of Stuff

Because, my next home will be purchased entirely on American Express Reward Points.

In the (inner) Solar System?  That's easy!

So, what you need depends on what you want to do.  If you want to photograph inner solar-system objects, pretty much any decent telescope and mount will do.   To alleviate frustration, I would recommend something with a GoTo - or equivalent -mount. (The little handheld dealio that finds objects in the sky for you!)  The Meade ETX 125 Schmidt-Cassegrain served me well for years.  One can be had for around $400 or less if you get lucky on eBay / Craigslist.

If you aren't afraid to point objects yourself, a newtonian or dobsonian reflector works well. There is an 8" dobsonian on craigslist near me in Fairhope, Alabama right now for $125

As an imager, you can do something janky like putting web-cam guts into an old telescope eyepiece.

A Microsoft Web Cam was harmed in the making of this astro-imager.

A Microsoft Web Cam was harmed in the making of this astro-imager.

Or, simply use your smart phone.   Stick the camera phone up to the eyepiece and click-away until you get something usable!

They make cellphone holders that bolt onto an eyepiece and then hold your cameraphone up to the eyepiece for steadier shots.   Use your time-delayed shutter if you have it and try to underexpose to keep your shutter speed fast, then boost in post.  


The Nokia Lumia 1020 has a 36 megapixel sensor and shoots RAW.  A great little tool for planetary and solar system imaging.  Sure there is image noise but whatever, we have good software to work that out.

They even make filters you can put over a telescope to allow you to look at the sun!

(Do not try this without the filter!!)

Deep-sky stuff, that's a littler harder.

For deep sky, it becomes a photon-race.  How much light can you collect in the sky before the stars start to stretch?  Well that depends on your aperture!

The telescope you need for deep sky astrophotography is the highest aperture you can afford. Just like terrestrial photography :)

There are refractors, which are lens-based and reflectors, which are mirror-based and all sorts of opinions as to "which is best" vs "which is best - for the money".

I find an 8" Schmidt-Cassegrain to be the best middle-of-the road for planetary and deep sky objects, for the money, so long as you can find a dark enough observing location and providing you have the right mount.   An 8" SCT in the $500-$800-ish price range will boast an impressive 2000mm focal length with a somewhat disappointing f10 optics, which means you will need longer exposure or a focal reducer (probably both).

Our planet is spinning (and wobbling) and the solar system is spinning (and wobbling) so all of this spinning and wobbling will result in not-so-sharp stars in exposures over 20-30 seconds @ f10.  A focal reducer can buy you an effective aperture of f6.3 @ 1260mm focal length.  These cost less than $100.00, so umm.. worth it.  

Okay, I said I wasn't going to get technical and that was a bit technical, so lets just say that the lower the f number, the better, even with a reduced magnification on the scope.

So, to get deep space objects in exposures over 30 seconds, you will need:

An Equatorial Mount w/ Automatic Tracking and Auto guider Support
A secondary, smaller 'guidescope' mounted atop your primary scope 
An Auto-guider
A laptop (unless the autoguider is standalone)
A camera or CCD capable of 'bulb' mode or long exposures 
Image-Processing Software

For my setup, this looks like this:


IMG_2556.jpg

The big boy observatories use CCD imaging platforms that have an effective iSO Sensitivity of 20,000+ with very low noise but they are usually also low resolution.    They are liquid cooled specialty astronomy monsters. These are usually monochrome cameras.   Color is achieved through RGB Recombination of frames shot with color filters that ride on filter wheels.

K, so that bit was a bit technical too but the gist here is if you shoot a three shots through special filters, one w/ a green filter, one w/ a red filter and one with a blue filter, you can basically build a color image in photoshop or stacking software.   For the image on this post, I went the easy route in photoshop by simply copy and pasting each frames into the respective RGB channels. No Stacking software was used.

Some folks have a DSLR body outfitted with specialty sensors that have been modified to make them more astro-photography friendly.      

I haven't tried it (yet) but I'm betting the Sony A7s would be a great imaging platform for astrophotography.  My A7R has been a trooper so far.

Once you have all of this stuff, the general operation looks something like this:

  • You align the telescope mount for 'polar alignment' to keep from star field rotation.  On my scope this is as simple as picking your latitude from a dial. 

  • You 'star-align' your mount to some guide stars used by the system to orient itself in space. 

  • Then you pick on the hand controller, "go to -> M31" and the telescope slews to the right coordinates.   

  • Your camera gets attached to the telescope viewport

  • You focus the telescope 

  • You use the auto-guider scope and software to choose a guide star.   

  • You enable auto-guiding on the scope.  The auto guider then locks in the direction and uses the guide star motion to keep everything groovy.

  • You shoot long exposures, 5, 10, 20 minutes at deep sky objects.  Shoot lots of them.

  • You combine those images in a photo stacker software.  Some frames for luminance, some to rebuild the colors. (If shot in mono with a filter wheel)

  • Boom.  You've made a picture of deep sky objects :)

At the end of the day, through persistence, with a setup like this and a good observation location you can use a DSLR or other non - astrophotography imager (probably still using filters though)  to come up with some very high quality images, comparable - to those you get from a remote specialty observatory.

It is time consuming, expensive but a great hobby and a fantastic way to learn more about the Cosmos.

Also, there is absolutely nothing wrong with the observatory route, either.   In the resulting images, the differences in your work will come through in your choice of time-of-day, observation location and post-processing characteristics.  PS, Some of the best work I've ever seen, like the amazing work over at http://www.robgendlerastropics.com/ (my muse in this realm of photography) - most of which has come from observatory work!

 

In the October-December Winter Months, Andromeda is high and clear in our sky in reasonable parts of the evening.  Orion starts to make an appearance as well.    In the late winter and early spring, Saturn and Jupiter come back around in our sky, so that's always exciting.  In the clearer months here on the Gulf Coast I plan on spending some time astro-imaging with my own gear and you are welcome to join me for in an outing.    Just leave a comment or drop me an email at bill.dodd@graffitilogic.com and lets do some star photography!   

Moon, You are Always Super to Me!

It sorta makes me cringe when the news cycle start up about the 'super-moons'.   I cut to this cartoon (in my head at least) that I'm not talented enough to draw, of a silly moon-boy-person in a cape running around and insuring the seasons and controlling the tides.

I mean, the moon really is super- all of the time, not just when the news anchor says so! 

From an astrophotography perspective it was a little bit of a bust.    I had planned to shoot two or three dozen 36 megapixel quadrants and then combine them as a gigantic Mosaic.   

Instead, I've been battling some sort of stomach bug for an oddly length amount of time but I did manage to eek out a couple prime-focus shots, despite haze, cloud cover and a rumbly-in-ma-tummy.

All that aside, I prefer the less-than-full moons.  More drama in the shadows makes for better photos (just my opinion).

There Are No Galaxies on Orion's Belt, Kid!

I always liked the scene in Men In Black where they were referring to "The Galaxy" being on Orion's Belt.     Reminds me of so many meetings I've been part of.  People, talking.. but not communicating.

Orion (M42) is currently below the horizon until around 5 am, then it flirts around the Horizon before daylight hits.    
From Australia, however, you can see it.

This is 5, 180 second exposures from Telescope T31 on via iTelescope.net, in Australia, taken yesterday.

I took some liberties in processing it.  
I should have a blog post up this week (towards friday) detailing how to do this!

Some Rainy-Night Astrophotography

M31 August - 29.

Andromeda (M31) - Our Closest Neighboring Galaxy in "The Local Group"

I'm working on a blog post (and video), for this week, just a quick rundown of astrophotography, I believe the post will be called "Astrophotography for us mortals".    

It was raining here in Spanish Fort, not to be delayed, I captured the above image from five,  5 minute exposures last night, via a Remote Controlled Observatory in New Mexico.

Processed in Photoshop and Lightroom, only.  No Crazy Stacking Software.   Stay tuned for more info on how to do this!

I Wish I Could Paint

The one thing I learned in Art class in elementary school was that I cannot draw, I cannot paint.

I'm thankful for the combination of camera hardware and computer software to allow me to 'produce' images that are painterly because if it were left to my brain and fingers alone, my crayon drawings were always the ones adults would comment on in that 'special' tone: "Oh... yeah.....there it is... good .erm... job, Billy!" :)

Night Dwellers

Photo & Video Sharing by SmugMug

I remain a bit surprised at some of the weird crap I see, out late at night, snapping photos.    The night previous to the one where this was shot, I spent some time at the end of the pier talking to the guys fishing (it was about 1 am on Friday Night /Saturday Morning).     I came down the pier and exited to the right towards a small patch of beach to snap some milky-way shots (or.. try to).   

I hear this strange sound in the shadows about 12 feet away.   I look over and as my eyes adjust, it's a couple -- doing what couples do, right there on the public beach of the eastern shore.  I didn't linger and no I didn't take pictures but they appeared to be old enough to know better :)   

The same night, I then headed down to Fairhope Pier to find it was quite crowded.   One reveler asked that I stop and speak with his dog, (a mixed-breed Lab) because, Rex (The Lab) had to tell me something.    

... and still, the same night, I helped a boater tie off to a dock along Point Clear / Mullet Point, only for him to ask me to help break into someone's boat house "a few miles down the road" because "he never returned my nets."

Yeah, nothing caps off a photo walk like a little B&E.  No thanks.    

..and this is why I prefer night photo walks in the colder months.  The cold seems to keep the crazy away.  :)

Readily Identifiable Flying Objects

There was this thing on the news the other day about a UFO (<a href="http://goo.gl/UxbVtD" rel="nofollow">goo.gl/UxbVtD</a>) it got me pondering.   My folks used to have these friends who claimed to have had several UFO, close-encounters..   As a kid living in the boonies, frankly, their stories freaked me out.     The idea of scaly-skinned, big-eyed grey beings paralyzing you in your bed at night with their near-magic technology and levitating you away into their space ship to do medical experiments, just doesn't sound appealing.

As I look back, those friends in particular used and mixed a lot of gnarly drugs.   So I'm sure any number of other mystical events occurred during their trips down psychoactive lane.

It did get me thinking.    If anyone would 'see' a UFO in the sky, why wouldn't it be the super observant photographers hanging around the Bay Fronts at night with reasonably good equipment?  Instead it is always the tourist who happened to be carrying Marty McFly's camcorder from Back to the Future.

So, this pinkish line in the horizon?  Not a UFO.  Just a helicopter.  E.T. has not introduced himself to me and the Greys?  Well, they are probably just looking for a good  sandwich..  

So thin, those things..

To the Greys out there, I recommend: www.earlofsandwichusa.com

Galactic conflict, avoided.

I Can Haz Kids?

As a work-at-home dad, the vast majority of my summer has been a little like this:
I'm cloistered in my home office, which is rather close to the living room, scratching my bald head trying to concentrate on some programming issue while my son has his face pressed up against the glass portion of my office door, Wii remote in hand,

"Daddy, can you come play with me?"    

"Sure buddy, as soon as I get off work this afternoon" / train of thought - completely derailed.

The kids started back to school, which makes the house eerily quiet aside from this similar little distraction, Penny - looking up at me as if to say, "I can Haz Kids to Play With?"  

 

Made in China

Over the weekend, my little girl (She's 8) turned over a cup and exclaimed, "Made in China!"  Why does everything say that?

At that moment, I wondered how to answer it.   

I thought about my years working for Wal-Mart during school, my perspectives at that time from the "Wal-mart Effect" principles of race-to-the-bottom retail pricing and my own challenges as a minimum wage - earner.

I thought about my years working in Customs - Foreign Trade Zone software and what I learned about the lopsided Tarrif structures that put American manufacturers importing parts from overseas at an uneven playfield w/ oversees manufacturers importing finished goods.

I thought about our own huge tax burden, the challenges that tax system puts on Small Business owners, stifling growth.    Then I thought about our failing national infrastructure and how those taxes are needed for infrastructure projects.

I thought about the human-rights issues in China versus the failing of our own education system to teach useful skills for the next generation workforce.

She could tell, she could read it in my stare that I was about to perch upon my soap box and go into "old guy" mode.   Finally concluding with some long-winded and preachy "When I was a kid / Get off my lawn" - themed dissertation...

So, I finally answered with:

"Yummy Chinese food.    Makes it easier to build cool stuff without feeling too full all day."

Yep, I'm going to leave it at that.